Home / Stage glossary Arbitration agreement 1 Forum or text UNCITRAL Model Law 1 What it means An agreement to submit to arbitration disputes that have arisen or may arise in respect of a defined legal relationship 1 What it does not mean Not limited to contracts. The relationship can be contractual or not 1 Referral to arbitration 3 Forum or text New York Convention 3 What it means A court seized of a matter covered by an arbitration agreement refers the parties to arbitration at a party's request 3 What it does not mean Not required where the court finds the agreement null and void, inoperative or incapable of being performed 3 Request for arbitration 2 Forum or text ICSID Convention 2 What it means The written request a State or investor sends to the Secretary-General to start a case 2 What it does not mean Not a decision on the claim. The Secretary-General sends a copy to the other party and screens it for registration 2 Registration 2 Forum or text ICSID Convention 2 What it means The Secretary-General's acceptance of the request, refused only where the dispute is manifestly outside ICSID jurisdiction 2 What it does not mean Not a ruling that the tribunal has jurisdiction or that the claim has merit 2 Constitution of the tribunal 2 Forum or text ICSID Convention 2 What it means Appointment of a sole arbitrator or an uneven number, by default three with a president chosen by agreement 2 Default appointment 2 Forum or text ICSID Convention 2 What it means If the tribunal is not constituted within 90 days of notice of registration, the Chairman appoints the missing arbitrators at a party's request 2 What it does not mean The Chairman may not appoint nationals of the State party or of the investor's State 2 Court appointment of arbitrators 1 Forum or text UNCITRAL Model Law 1 What it means A court or other authority appoints where a party or the co-arbitrators fail to appoint within thirty days 1 Preliminary ruling on jurisdiction 1 Forum or text UNCITRAL Model Law 1 What it means A tribunal decision on a jurisdiction plea before the merits, which a party may take to court within thirty days 1 What it does not mean Does not halt the case. The tribunal may continue and make an award 1 Terms of Reference 5 What it means Under the 2021 Rules, in force from 1 January 2021, a document defining the case, sent to the ICC Court within 30 days of the tribunal receiving the file 5 What it does not mean Not a necessary step for arbitrations commenced on or after 1 June 2026, though tribunals may still establish them 6 ,14 Source 2021 Rules Art. 23 5 Scrutiny of the draft award 14 What it means The tribunal submits its draft award to the ICC Court before signing it, and the Court approves its form 14 What it does not mean Not a decision by the Court on the dispute. The 2026 Rules state that the Court does not resolve disputes 14 Source 2026 Rules Art. 37 14 Emergency arbitrator 14 What it means A route for interim or conservatory measures that cannot await the constitution of the tribunal 14 What it does not mean The 2026 Rules expressly recognise preliminary orders, which can in some cases be granted without notice 6 Source 2026 Rules Art. 31 and Appendix IV 14 Expedited procedure 14 Forum or text ICC Rules 14 What it means A shorter procedure that applies automatically up to US$4 million for agreements concluded on or after 1 June 2026, US$3 million for agreements from 1 January 2021 to 31 May 2026 and US$2 million from 1 March 2017 to 31 December 2020 14 What it does not mean Not available automatically for agreements concluded before 1 March 2017 14 Source 2026 Rules Appendix V 14 Highly Expedited Arbitration 14 Forum or text ICC Rules 14 What it means An opt-in procedure added in 2026, with a final award due within three months of the initial case management conference, extendable by the President 14 Source 2026 Rules Appendix VI 14 Expedited Arbitration Rules 12 Forum or text UNCITRAL Arbitration Rules 12 What it means An appendix added to the Rules in 2021 by Article 1(5) 12 What it does not mean Not automatic. They apply only where the parties so agree 12 Source UNCITRAL Rules page 12 Award 1 Forum or text UNCITRAL Model Law 1 What it means The tribunal's written, signed decision, stating reasons, its date and the place of arbitration 1 What it does not mean Not a court judgment. Recognition and enforcement go through a court 3 Award on agreed terms 1 Forum or text UNCITRAL Model Law 1 What it means An award recording the parties' settlement, which need not state reasons 1 Termination order 1 Forum or text UNCITRAL Model Law 1 What it means An order ending the case on withdrawal of the claim, agreement of the parties, or where continuing is unnecessary or impossible 1 What it does not mean Not the final award. The Model Law lists the two as separate ways a case ends 1 Individual or dissenting opinion 2 Forum or text ICSID Convention 2 What it means A statement an arbitrator may attach to the award, whether dissenting or not 2 Award declining jurisdiction 10 Forum or text ICSID statistics 10 What it means An ICSID outcome category, 18% of tribunal decisions in FY2026 13 Source Caseload 2026-2 and FY2026 release 10 ,13 Claims manifestly without legal merit 10 Forum or text ICSID statistics 10 What it means An ICSID outcome category, 5% of tribunal decisions in FY2026, described in the release as dismissal for manifest lack of legal merit 13 Source Caseload 2026-2 and FY2026 release 10 ,13 Discontinuance 10 Forum or text ICSID statistics 10 What it means A case that ends without a tribunal decision. ICSID counts discontinuance at both parties' request, one party's request, for non-payment of advances and other causes 10 What it does not mean Not always a settlement. Settlement embodied in an award is counted separately 10 Correction 1 Forum or text UNCITRAL Model Law 1 What it means A request within thirty days to fix errors in computation, clerical or typographical errors or similar 1 What it does not mean Not a way to change the decision on the merits. It covers only listed error types 1 Interpretation 2 Forum or text ICSID Convention 2 What it means A request to the Secretary-General where the parties dispute the meaning or scope of an award 2 Supplementary decision 2 Forum or text ICSID Convention 2 What it means A decision within 45 days on a question the award omitted, which becomes part of the award 2 Additional award 1 Forum or text UNCITRAL Model Law 1 What it means An award on claims presented but omitted, requested within thirty days and made within sixty 1 Revision 2 Forum or text ICSID Convention 2 What it means A request based on a newly discovered fact that would decisively affect the award, within 90 days of discovery and three years of the award 2 What it does not mean Not available where the applicant's ignorance of the fact was due to negligence 2 Annulment 2 Forum or text ICSID Convention 2 What it means Cancellation of an ICSID award in whole or in part by an ad hoc committee on one of five grounds 2 What it does not mean Not an appeal. A mistake in applying the law is not a valid ground 4 Ad hoc committee 2 Forum or text ICSID Convention 2 What it means Three persons from the Panel of Arbitrators appointed by the Chairman to decide an annulment request 2 What it does not mean Not the original tribunal. No member may have sat on it 2 Stay of enforcement 2 Forum or text ICSID Convention 2 What it means A pause on enforcing an award pending an annulment decision, provisional if requested in the application 2 What it does not mean Not presumed. Several committees have held there is no presumption in favour of a stay 4 Resubmission 2 Forum or text ICSID Convention 2 What it means Submission of the dispute to a new tribunal after an award is annulled, at either party's request 2 Setting aside 1 Forum or text UNCITRAL Model Law 1 What it means An application to a court at the seat to cancel an award, made within three months of receiving it 1 What it does not mean Not an appeal. It is the only court recourse, on listed grounds 1 Remission 7 Forum or text England and Wales 7 What it means The court sends the award back to the tribunal for reconsideration after finding serious irregularity 7 What it does not mean The court sets aside only where remitting would be inappropriate 7 Source Arbitration Act 1996 s. 68 7 Appeal on a point of law 8 Forum or text England and Wales 8 What it means A court appeal on a question of law arising out of an award 8 What it does not mean Needs all parties' agreement or court leave, and the parties can exclude it 8 Source Arbitration Act 1996 s. 69 8 Vacatur 9 Forum or text United States 9 What it means A court order vacating an award for corruption, fraud, evident partiality, misconduct or excess of powers 9 Recognition and enforcement 3 Forum or text New York Convention 3 What it means A court in another State treats a foreign award as binding and enforces it under local procedure 3 What it does not mean Refusal is possible only on the grounds in Article V 3 Adjournment with security 3 Forum or text New York Convention 3 What it means An enforcing court may adjourn where a set-aside case is pending at the seat and order suitable security 3 Third-party funding disclosure 11 Forum or text ICSID Rules 2022 11 What it means A continuing duty to disclose funding arrangements, including the funder's name and address 11 13 Source ICSID rules release 11 Nothing matches. 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Notes The ICC Rules of Arbitration 2026 apply to arbitrations commenced on or after 1 June 2026. Entries marked 2021 Rules describe cases under the earlier Rules, in force from 1 January 2021 5 ,14 Rules and charges change. Check the official source linked on this page before you pay or travel. Spotted an error? Email hello@arbitrationawardsdata.com .
Sources UNCITRAL: UNCITRAL Model Law on International Commercial Arbitration 1985, With amendments as adopted in 2006 (2008) ICSID: Convention, Regulations and Rules, ICSID/15/Rev. 3 (July 2022) United Nations Treaty Collection: Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards, done at New York on 10 June 1958, certified true copy ICSID: Updated Background Paper on Annulment (March 2024) ICC: 2021 Arbitration Rules ICC: New ICC Rules of Arbitration efficiency, clarity and usability (22 May 2026) legislation.gov.uk: Arbitration Act 1996, section 68 legislation.gov.uk: Arbitration Act 1996, section 69 GovInfo: United States Code, 2023 edition, 9 U.S.C. 10, Same, vacation, grounds, rehearing ICSID: The ICSID Caseload, Statistics, Issue 2026-2 ICSID: ICSID Administrative Council Approves Amendment of ICSID Rules (21 March 2022) UNCITRAL: UNCITRAL Arbitration Rules ICSID: ICSID Releases Caseload Statistics for the 2026 Fiscal Year (14 August 2026) ICC: 2026 Arbitration Rules 